JEWISH HISTORICAL INSTITUTE, WARSAW
- JEWISH HISTORICAL INSTITUTE, WARSAW
- JEWISH HISTORICAL INSTITUTE, WARSAW, institution devoted to
the study of Polish Jewish history. The Central Jewish Commitee in
Poland (CKZ) came alive in summer 1944 simultaneously
with the liberation of Poland by the Soviet and Polish armies. The
CKZ established a Jewish Historical Commission in August
1944 and, from December 28, a Central Jewish Historical Commission
(CJHK) in Lublin headed by the historian Philip Friedman.
The CJHK moved to Lodz (1945) and Warsaw and established
branches in 25 places, including Cracow, Katowice, Wroclaw, Bialystok,
Tarnow, and Lublin. Its main task was to preserve a record of the
gruesome events of the Holocaust by research, documentation, collection
of evidence, and publications.. The CJHK provided a
framework for researchers, publishing methodical instructions for
collecting materials and organizing proper archives, and libraries. They
also established contacts with Jewish organizations abroad and with the
Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN = Polska Akademia Nauk).
The CJHK issued its first bulletin, Yedies, in
November 1949 (in Yiddish, quarterly publication, Biuletyn
Żydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego (1950– ) in Polish (with
summaries in English), and an annual in Yiddish, Bleter far
Geshikhte (1948– ). These activities were financed mainly by a
grant from the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), and by
the american jewish joint distribution committee . In 1968 the
official antisemitic campaign in Poland induced almost all the workers
of the Institute to emigrate, and the publication of the quarterly was
impaired. Among the major works inspired by the Institute were
collections of documents on the German occupation of Poland, including
various reports from the ghettos and concerning underground activities
in the ghettos and camps (1946); i Geshikhte fun Yidn in
Poyln ("History of the Jews in Poland," 1951), by Bernard
(Berl) Mark , of which only one volume (until the 17th
century) appeared in print (Yiddish); and Hitlerowska Polityka
Zaglady Żydów ("Hitler's Policies of Extermination of the Jews,"
1961) by A. Eisenbach. The number of other publications runs into
several scores, dealing mainly with the Holocaust period.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
35 lat dzialalnosci Zydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego w Polsce
ludowej (1980); Żydowski Instytut Historyczny – 50
lat dzialalnosci (1996); S. Netzer, "The Holocaust of Polish Jewry
in Jewish Historiography," in: Y. Gutman and al. (eds.),
Historiography of the Holocaust Period (1988), 133–40.
(Shlomo Netzer (2nd ed.)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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